INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO AERATION REGIME CONTROL IN TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT THROUGH OPTIMIZATION OF THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE MICROBIOCENOSIS IN BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT SYSTEMS

Abstract

The development of innovative environmental and biotechnological solutions aimed at improving the efficiency of wastewater biological treatment in aeration tanks is achieved through an integrated approach that ensures the stable progression of biochemical oxidation processes carried out by activated sludge microorganisms. This approach includes technical modernization, process automation, and optimization of technological parameters. The search for ways to optimize the technological parameters of wastewater supply, contact between wastewater and sludge mixture in biological treatment facilities remains highly relevant for achieving a high degree of wastewater purification. This is a key element in ensuring environmental safety and the sustainable development of industrial regions while reducing negative impacts on the environment. The purpose of the article is to develop an innovative technological solution for regulating the aeration mode of the microbiocenosis in biological treatment facilities within the technology of wastewater treatment by controlling the load on activated sludge under conditions of reducing pollution of natural water bodies. The object of the study is the biotechnology of wastewater treatment involving activated sludge microorganisms in aeration tanks under conditions of reducing pollution of natural aquatic environments. The subject of the study is the investigation of technological conditions for optimizing the aeration mode in a mixing aeration tank to ensure the effective functioning of the activated sludge microbiocenosis in wastewater treatment biotechnology. The study employed theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, and systematization of scientific sources and regulatory documents), empirical methods (sampling and storage of wastewater samples, hydrobiological analysis of activated sludge, determination of activated sludge age, activated sludge loading, dissolved oxygen concentration in wastewater, and wastewater flow rate), as well as methods of interpretation and generalization of results, which made it possible to evaluate the main parameters of activated sludge organism functioning and determine the degree of wastewater biological treatment in the aeration tank. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a technological solution for regulating the aeration regime of the activated sludge microbiocenosis in the technology of wastewater treatment by reducing the organic matter load through distributed wastewater inflow along the length of the mixing aeration tank. The practical significance of the work consists in the development, based on the results of hydrobiological analysis of activated sludge and the conditions of its functioning, of measures for optimizing aeration parameters and organic matter loading in wastewater within a mixing aeration tank by means of distributed wastewater inflow in a specific ratio through three inlet windows. This approach ensures high wastewater treatment efficiency and reduces pollution of natural water bodies. It was determined that the optimal distribution of wastewater along the length of the biological treatment facility for optimizing aeration conditions through balancing the organic matter load on Інноваційне технологічне рішення регуляції режиму аерації в екологічній біотехнології очищення стічних вод за умов оптимізації функціонування мікробіоценозу активного мулу в біоспорудах activated sludge involves supplying wastewater to the three inlet windows of the mixing aeration tank in the following percentage ratio of the total water flow: 48.3%, 36.7%, and 15.0%, respectively. As a result, the organic matter load on activated sludge will be maximal at the beginning of the first corridor and minimal at the end of the second corridor, while the dissolved oxygen concentration will remain balanced within the treatment facility wastewater. Moreover, the possibility of untreated water entering the discharge system at the treatment plant will be eliminated, thereby reducing pollution of water bodies.